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Essay / Jürgen Habermas' idea of the public sphere - 1977
Jürgen Habermas' idea of the "public sphere" is considered a revolution in communication because it allows the transfer of information and ideas. This free flow of communications, born of public opinion, would allow democracy to prevail, because it would control powerful groups in society and allow critical discussions. Although Habermas's conception of this democratic mechanism allowed citizens to play a greater role in society, it ignored those who did not own property, white men of great prestige. Contrary to Habermas' ideas, Nancy Fraser invented the concept of the "subaltern counterpublic." Subaltern counterpublics are spaces for democratic conversation for those who have been excluded from the public sphere. Power in society has often been vested in white men, leaving aside the needs and desires of minorities, women, and people of color. Fraser's concept of the subaltern counterpublic provides a means for these groups to create discourses different from those presented in the mainstream media. NASPA, Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education, is an association that develops, advocates and assists members of the student affairs profession. This association includes what it calls knowledge communities, which are smaller groups that provide support and networks on specific topics and similarities among their members. The Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender (GLBT) Knowledge Community hosted by NASPA is a subaltern counterculture because it provides space for a fringe community to create a discourse parallel to the dominant discourse created by mainstream media. Although gender and sexuality are increasingly part of mainstream culture and are often widely discussed in newspaper circles......outside of society's "norm" due to their mental health issues increased and it is talked about in a way that makes their sexuality a determining factor that dictates their state of mental health. Examining the inclusive and open space that the subaltern counterpublic of NASPA's GLBT knowledge community provides for its members, one sees how they include their sexuality as just another part of our identity. The articles from CNS News and the New York Daily News show how the mainstream media has a dominant narrative that separates the GLBT community from society solely because of their sexual identity. The goal of subaltern counterpublics is to provide alternative spaces for members to discuss what is ignored or misrepresented in mainstream media, such as the GLBT community being separated from the rest of society because of their sexuality. is considered a defining trait..