Table of ContentsPotential Applications in Medicine and AgricultureBenefits of CloningImplications of CloningCloning is the process of creating genetically identical individuals that include both natural forms (e.g. bacteria via asexual reproduction or identical twins) and artificialSay no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on 'Why violent video games should not be banned'?Get the original essayPotential applications in medicine and agricultureBritain is the only country where cloning can be practiced, but only for medical purposes . All other countries prohibit the practice of human cloning. The CLONAID company claims to have succeeded in cloning humans. The first mammal to be successfully cloned was Dolly the Sheep in 1996. Human cloning is seen in the novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley. Advantages of cloning Stem cell cloning: Some researchers are considering cloning as a way to create genetically identical stem cells. to an individual. These cells could then be used for medical purposes, possibly even for the growth of entire organs, to avoid tissue rejection. Stem cells cloned from someone with a disease could be grown and studied to help researchers understand the disease and develop treatments. In 2013, scientists at Oregon Health and Science University were the first to use cloning techniques to successfully create human embryonic stem cells. The donor's DNA came from an 8-month-old child with a rare genetic disorder. Couples who are unable to conceive naturally can clone themselves to have a biological child: opens the possibility for gay or lesbian couples to have a child containing both parents. ';Avoid transmitting a deleterious gene that is present in the family;Prevents species extinction: Several wild species have already been cloned, including two cattle relatives called guar and banteng, mouflon, deer, bison and coyotes. However, some experts doubt that cloning can help a species recover. One of the big challenges facing endangered species is the loss of genetic diversity, and cloning does nothing to solve this problem. When a species has high genetic diversity, there is a greater chance that some individuals will have genetic variations that could help them survive an environmental challenge such as an infectious disease. Implications of Cloning The prospect of cloning humans is highly controversial and raises a number of ethical questions. , legal and social which must be taken into account. Reproductive cloning – cloning for the purpose of creating a human baby – is widely considered immoral by scientists and lawmakers. Supporters see it as a possible solution to infertility problems. Some even imagine making clones of geniuses, whose work could advance society. Far-fetched views depict farms full of clones whose organs are harvested for transplant – a truly horrible idea. (As seen in the 2005 science fiction film The Island by Michael Bay) For now, the risks and technical challenges, as well as the laws that make it illegal, will likely prevent human reproductive cloning from becoming a reality. Although many species have been successfully cloned, the process remains technically difficult and inefficient. The success rate of cloning is quite low: most embryos do not develop and many pregnancies end in miscarriage. Cellular mutation is a very possible.