The integumentary system includes many different areas of the body, including the hair, skin, and nails. The integument also serves many functions such as protection and insulation. The largest part of the integumentary system is the skin that covers the entire body. The first part of the integumentary system is the epidermis and dermis. The epidermis is the outer layer of the skin and provides the primary protection for the skin and underlying nerves. The epidermis is filled with tiny cells called keratin, which are dead cells that also help provide protection. The epidermis also contains melanocytes which contain cells called melanin which give our skin color and absorb sunlight. The second layer of skin is the dermis. It is the thickest layer located just under the epidermis. This layer contains collagen and elastin fibers to keep it firm and elastic to give it strength and flexibility. This layer also contains our body's arteries, veins, hair follicles, and sweat glands. It is very important to keep both layers of the skin protected and hydrated, because in any body system there are many diseases and foreign bodies that can affect the health of this organ. It's important to stay hydrated and, if you're in direct sunlight for long periods, to apply sunscreen. Several infections and injuries can occur to the skin, some of which include burns, abrasions, ulcers, abscesses and ringworms. All these infections and injuries affect the dermis and must be treated according to individual cases. An abscess would be classified as a pus-containing abscess caused by bacteria and requiring antibiotics. Ringworm is a skin infection caused by a fungus that feeds on epidermal cells. It should be treated immediately...... middle of paper ...... and itching and can be treated with topical creams. Examples include: chemicals in detergents or lotions applied to the skin. Systemic reactions occur when the allergen is inhaled, injected or ingested. It can have serious effects on the person by causing a reaction in several systems of the body. Depending on the level of allergy, the person may suffer from anaphylaxis, a serious allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. Examples: eating a food you are allergic to or a bee sting. The integumentary system is a major body system with many different areas that need to be maintained daily. As with any internal organ, you want that organ to function as well as possible. Hair, skin and nails provide a lot of protection and insulation and without it we would be prone to many of the diseases and infections that circulate in daily life..