Table of contentsLiterature review on the context of BangladeshBasic human needs and vulnerabilityConceptual and analytical frameworkClimate change scenario in Bangladesh and development issuesClimate risks for Bangladesh: Increased frequency and severity: Climate refugees constitute a big challenge for Bangladesh. Dhaka is a densely populated city in the world. There is no room for the newcomer. If climate refugees also come here, it will be intolerable. They could cause further pollution of Dhaka. They use the open toilet and open fire. They throw their waste into rivers. Say no to plagiarism. Get Custom Essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”?Get Original EssayA huge migration of these refugees to Dhaka city is now a regular phenomenon. But this type of movement towards Dhaka city is very alarming for the city dwellers as it increases the pressure on the existing system and challenges for the government. Slum upgrading not only improves the quality of life of the urban poor, but also supports climate change adaptation measure. Now planned, the migration of climate-displaced people is a current concern. The design of the built environment, including infrastructure, sanitation, etc., will advance healthy living by eliminating the effects of haphazard growth and the effects of environmental degradation. The decentralization of some slums to neighboring towns can be considered if they are located high above the body of water, such as natural lakes, ponds, etc. The poor living in slums contribute to the urban economy in several ways. To secure their standard of living on a socio-economic level, their income (daily or monthly) must be stable. According to the survey data, most of them are daily wage laborers like rickshaw pullers, brick breakers, etc. The income of heirs is very sensitive to certain natural or man-made events, such as waterlogging in Dhaka city. According to those interviewed, they often stay hungry until they gain something to eat. The suffering of these people, taking into account recent and future urban risks, must be integrated when preparing policies. The objectives of the study are: To identify why refugees come to Dhaka; What dangers they faced in their locality; Assess the current water situation. , sanitation and hygiene in slums; to determine the extent of the threat they pose to Dhaka city. Literature review on the context of Bangladesh. Bangladesh has a long history of disaster management during and after a cyclone. These coping skills play a vital role in surviving in people's ability. Rashid et al. (2006) conducted a study on the coping strategies of households seeking to meet their needs after a disaster. Three main categories are classified: Adjustment strategies to reduce household food consumption and the relocation of domestic labor to develop current income. Unsecured loans which refer to loans that are not secured by the provision of household assets as collateral. Adjustment is the most frequent among these three strategies followed by households. There is a lack of documentation of Indigenous knowledge and practices, as evidenced by the literature review. An attempt was also made to review the way the government. and NGOsinfluence coping strategies. Mukherjee (2009) reflects on gender-specific seasonal vulnerabilities to show how problems worsen for poor women in Bangladesh during the deficit season. The study by del Niño et al. (2001) reveals household coping strategies after the 1998 Hood, including borrowing, reducing spending, and selling assets. Among them, the main coping mechanism of the household is borrowing, both in terms of resource value. To fill consumption gaps, credit was sought from informal sources. Basic human needs and vulnerability Books and anger (2005) point out that the concept of adaptive capacity makes sense in the context of the resources and systems that would be affected by climate change. The US Agency for International Development's Famine Early Warning Systems Project (FEWS 1999) focused its vulnerability assessment guidance on food security. Books et al. (2005) list 46 proxy variables; researchers include geography, governance, demography and technology. They looked for correlations between these vulnerability proxies and the ten-year history of mortals and derived from these results 11 key indicators of vulnerability: a population with access to sanitation, the literacy rate (15-24 years), voice and life expectancy at birth. Unlike Azar et al. (2005), this set of indicators explicitly takes into account certain aspects of reproductive health and gender equity. These indicator compilation efforts do not specify in their lists or models the interactions and feedbacks between vulnerability factors. Conceptual and analytical framework To understand why a hazard becomes a disaster and for whom, the concept of vulnerability is crucial. Using the concept of vulnerability as a characteristic of exposure to hazards has allowed researchers to sidestep issues related to the causes of vulnerability (Canon 2001). In the social sciences, the human dimension of vulnerability has received considerable attention. A person's vulnerability can be identified by the interaction of natural events and economic, political and social factors. Canon (2001) points out that most uses of the idea of ​​vulnerability accept that it is part of a continuum or classification of people. This vulnerability involves the negative end of this scale. Adger (1999) argues that vulnerability should be viewed as the exposure of a group or individual to stress due to environmental and social change. This definition contrasts with dominant views of disaster vulnerability. Bangladesh Climate Change Scenario and Development Issues According to the IPCC in its recently released Fourth Assessment, the following changes have been observed in climate trends, variability and extreme events: In Bangladesh, the average temperature has recorded a downward trend. increase of about 1°C in May and 0.5°C in November during the 14-year period from 1985 to 1998. Average annual precipitation shows increasing trends in Bangladesh. Decadal rainfall anomalies have been above long-term averages since the 1960s. Severe and recurrent floods occurred in 2002, 2003 and 2004. Cyclones originating from the Bay of Bengal have decreased since 1970, but their intensity has increased. The number of monsoon depressions and the formation of cyclones in the Bay of Bengal have increased. Water shortages have been attributed to rapid urbanization and industrialization, population growth and inefficient water use, which are compounded by.