Experiment 02: Synthesis and characterization of benzocaineIntroductionBenzocaine is described and used in industry as a local external anesthetic; it consists of a white crystalline powder. The advantage of anesthetics such as benzocaine is that their action may be reversible when use is followed by complete tissue recovery without causing potential permanent damage. ObjectiveThe aim of this experiment was to synthesize and characterize for the preparation of benzocaine via fish esterification reaction using aminobenzoic acid and ethanol. The product was also precipitated from solution in order to reach a pH of 8. The secondary objective was to esterify the reaction in a catalyzed equilibrium reaction via the addition of the acid shown below : Experimental Reagents used: 4- Aminobenzoic used: 3.03 g (0.018 moles) Ensure that gloves are worn at all times when handling strong acids and bases in the benzocaine preparation experiment . 4-Aminobenzoic acid (3.0 g, 0.022 moles) was suspended in a dry round-bottom flask (100 cm3), followed by methylated brandy (20 cm3). With particular care, concentrated sulfuric acid (3.0 cm3, 0.031 moles) was added. Immediately after installing the condenser, the components in the flask were gently shaken to mix the components. Care should be taken to ensure that the concentrated sulfuric acid and 4-aminobenzoic acid reagents are not pooled in the ground glass joint between the condenser itself and the flask. In order to heat the mixture to a boiling point, a heating mantle was used and then left to gently reflux for a constituent time of forty minutes. After the duration of the constant forty minutes, the rou...... middle of paper ......rived and taking into account the boiling point and volatility, the retention time of the Gc will increase, depending of the rising chain, so in this case the pentyl derivative would come first, then the butyl derivative. Conclusion The percentage yield obtained was 70% through Fischer esterification reaction which is evaluated as good yield production as the reaction is known to be reversible when conditions such as concentration of reactants, Pressure and temperature could affect the extent of the reaction. These white crystalline crystals were tested for impurities by performing melting point analysis and taking spectroscopic data such as IR, HNMR and CNMR spectra to confirm product identification. These spectroscopic methods and melting point analysis confirmed that the white crystalline crystals were benzocaine..