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  • Essay / Racial inequalities in housing and education

    Stereotypes are like dandruff on the scalp, useless, ugly and difficult to remove unless you have the right shampoo. This shampoo could symbolize proper education or enlightenment to get rid of this particular stereotype. Some stereotypes are so absurd that you sometimes wonder where the hell they come from. For example, Asians drive badly or white people can't dance. However, there is a type of stereotype that has some truth to it, but you find that it's not the fault of the people we stereotype. To be more specific, there is a stereotypical view that poor minorities are sometimes seen as uneducated. This lack of education of minorities is not their fault, but the fault of unlikely outside forces. So there is some truth to this particular stereotype, but minorities are not to blame for their lack of education. Few opportunities are offered to them, starting with housing and then access to school, which would then affect their individual education. So why would we have this link with minorities and poverty? Could there be some sort of relationship between race and class? It all started with our Federal Housing Agency or FHA. In the book The Possessive Investment in Whiteness, author George Lipsitz conducted extensive research into how the FHA got started and how his agency relates to minorities receiving or missing out on loans. In 1934, the FHA was created by the government which then turned the power of the agency over to private real estate lenders, and this is when racial bias emerged through selective home lending. Lipsitz claims that “[t]he Federal Housing Agency's confidential investigations and appraiser manuals funneled virtually all loan money toward whites and away from communities of color” (5). These investigations were carried out by private lenders who had carte blanche to prove loans to whomever they wanted. Because minorities have not been fortunate enough to receive the FHA loans they need, they are then forced to live in urban areas rather than suburban neighborhoods. There was this clandestine segregation of suburbs with these private lenders, which would then dramatically reduce the best opportunities for minorities to live in better neighborhoods. Next comes the education part, where, according to author Jonathan Kozol in his book Savage Inequalities Children in America's schools, , property taxes are one of the main financial distributions made to local schools. In Kozol's book, he cites that "generally in the United States, very poor communities place a high priority on education and they often tax at higher rates than very wealthy communities..