& Bachrach, D. 2015, p. 114). Cultures that adopt low-certainty avoidance generally tend to be more receptive to change than cultures that adopt high-certainty avoidance. People in high certainty cultures tend to shy away from innovation and follow a more “by the book” approach and are afraid of change. For example, let's say a manager is working on a new strategy for a new software release. A recent survey indicates that there is only a 55% probability of success. A manager with low certainty avoidance (manager 1) will want to go ahead and introduce this software to the market despite the 55% chance, while a manager with high certainty avoidance (manager 2) will not risk to introduce the new software to the market for gaming. that's for sure. While manager 1 risks introducing his product to the market for the sake of innovation, manager 2 prefers to wait until the market becomes more volatile and the chances of success are higher. Achievement Orientation vs. Nurturing Orientation Achievement orientation vs. nurturing orientation, also known as “masculinity versus femininity,” is a competitive versus cooperative view of doing business and working with people. Achievement-oriented people tend to be more goal-oriented and competitive. While educationally oriented people are more easy-going and enjoy working alongside other people ('OB Mod 2a - Personality