Table of ContentsGeneral DescriptionBasic Aircraft Electrical SystemsAdvanced Aircraft Electrical SystemsAn aircraft electrical system is a self-contained network of components that generate, transmit, distribute, use and store electrical energy. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay General Description An electrical system is an integral and essential component of all but the most simplistic aircraft designs. The capacity and complexity of the electrical system varies greatly between a lightweight, piston-powered, single-engine GA aircraft and a modern multi-engine commercial jet aircraft. However, aircraft electrical systems at both ends of the complexity spectrum share many of the same basic components. All aircraft electrical systems have components capable of generating electricity. Depending on the aircraft, generators or alternators are used to produce electricity. These are usually engine driven, but can also be powered by an APU, hydraulic motor or ram air turbine (RAT). The generator output is normally 115-120 V/400 Hz AC, 28 V DC or 14 V DC. The generator's energy can be used without modification or it can be routed through transformers, rectifiers or inverters to change the voltage or current type. The generator output will normally be directed to one or more distribution buses. Individual components are powered by the bus with circuit protection in the form of a circuit breaker or fuse built into the wiring. The generator output is also used to charge the aircraft battery(ies). Batteries are usually lead-acid or NICAD, but lithium batteries are becoming more common. They are used both for starting the aircraft and as a backup power source in the event of a production or distribution system failure. Basic Airplane Electrical Systems Some very simple single-engine aircraft do not have an electrical system installed. The piston engine is equipped with a self-powered magneto ignition system and the fuel tank is located to feed the engine by gravity. The aircraft is started by means of a flywheel and crank or by "manually propelling" the engine. If an electric start, lights, electric flight instruments, navigation aids or radios are desired, an electrical system becomes a necessity. In most cases, the system will be powered by DC using a single distribution bus, a single battery, and a single engine-driven generator or alternator. Provisions, in the form of an on/off switch, will be incorporated to allow the battery to be isolated from the bus and for the generator/alternator to be isolated from the bus. An ammeter, charging indicator or warning light will also be integrated to provide an indication of charging system failure. The electrical components will be wired to the busbar incorporating either circuit breakers or fuses for circuit protection. Provisions may be made to allow an external power source such as an additional battery or ground power unit to be connected to assist in starting the engine or to provide power when the engine is not running. Keep in mind: this is just a sample. Get a personalized article now from our expert writers. Get a personalized essayAdvanced electrical systems for aircraftMore sophisticated electrical systems are usually low-power systems..