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Essay / Mexican Migration: Response to the Labor Shortage in the United States
For Mexicans, the general reason for migrating is for purely economic reasons. For Cubans and Guatemalans, the main reason is to escape persecution at home and seek refugee status in the United States. For indigenous communities, it is usually a combination of the two. But often or not, the poor and unlivable living conditions in the country of origin are simply too much to bear. They are often so horrific that not only are men and women willing to face and, in some cases, die to reach the United States, but also, as “Victoria para Chino” shows, the children of migrant parents. Crossing the border, many migrants discover that the widely held idea that the United States is a land of opportunity or abundant work is not true. Migrants, unlike citizens, have far fewer choices when it comes to jobs such as agriculture and services. Typically, these jobs are low paying and are among the most economically vulnerable during economic downturns. If a migrant cannot find stable employment, they are often forced to take to the streets as a jornalero. A jornalero is essentially a day laborer who looks for work on street corners. However, this method of working is known for its unreliability in terms of work and money, so much so that it is often joked that there is only "¡Tres trabajos para toda la pinche ciudad!" (Ordenez p. 44). While