Multi-agent system has recently become the most dominant research wing in the broad field of artificial intelligence. Researchers have strived to create multiple architectures to build a multi-agent system with all its rational properties such as autonomy, proactivity, responsiveness, and social capability. Communication, cooperation and cognition are areas closely related to multi-agent systems and most researchers have tried to configure these components in the proposed multi-agent system architecture to make the environment more rational. In this article, we have tried to do a comprehensive literature review to target all these attempts. Our intention is to provide a fruitful roadmap for young researchers to design the most developed multi-agent system based on the best protocols for communication, cooperation and cognition. The concept of multi-agent system comes to the technical world through several factors that initiated the concept of multi-agent system. After the invention of computers, human expectations reached their peak. On the contrary, the efficiency and capacity of the machines deteriorated unless they were overcome. Another concept then comes into play: using increased processing power and devices to accelerate it. But this improvement helps integrate the complexity and sophistication of usability and maintainability. Gathering more knowledge to manage it is essential. The distributed approach has taken hold of the IT generation where the systems did not remain alone and connected to a common channel. The most difficult example is the Internet, without which human life is damaged. This interaction is observed by many scientists and many approaches have been discussed. To deal with the ...... middle of paper ......tion processed in OOP which is communication as method invocation. In order to communicate, agents must be able to deliver and receive messages at the physical level, agents must communicate at the physical and network layers to transmit and receive messages, parse messages at the syntactic level, parse messages to decode correctly their parts such as message content, language, sender, understanding messages at semantic level and analyzed symbols should be understood in the same way. An agent designer can place agent communication in the same module as agent action using speech act theory. It serves as a transmitter of information and acts to change the state of the world. These changes belong to the mental states of the agents. The following literature studies provide the relationship between cognition and cooperation of multi-agent system with respect to communication..