Discussion: Behavioral ecology studies the interaction between an animal's ecology and behavior. An animal's behavior is the result of natural selection from past generations favored by selection (Deag 1996). The dusky moorhen, ibis and Pacific black duck have been observed to share both aquatic habitat and grassland habitat in the city botanical garden for their activities. The behavior of the federal pigeons has not been observed by any group due to the reduction in numbers in the garden. Thus, the discussion on the foraging and vigilance behaviors of federal pigeons will be based on the references in Table 2 and Table 3. In Table 1, the observed behaviors of dusky moorhen, ibis and Pacific black duck are grouped into five categories, namely resting, foraging, vigilance, mating and interactions respectively. According to Table 4, similar behaviors, in descending order of amount of activity per unit of time spent by the dusky moorhen on land, are as follows: feeding (33.1%), preening (26. 9%), rest (19.6%), hunting food (17.6%). %), swimming (2.2%), vocalization (0.7%), and fighting (0%). With reference to Table 5, similar behaviors in descending order of amount of activity per unit of time spent by the dusky moorhen in water are as follows: feeding (35.2%), swimming (32.6 %), smoothing (15.2%), rest (9.1%). %), Hunting Food (7.6%), Vocalizing (0.2%) and Fighting (0.13%). The behaviors listed for this activity are essential for the survival (fitness) and reproduction of animals in the ecology (Deag 1996). Foraging behavior, an element of fitness, is observed in all species studied both on land and in water. Where different species feed is determined by the availability of food supply, the dusky moorhen feeds both in water for aquatic plants and in land for seeds, grasses and shrubs. Pacific Bl......middle of article......sample size should be increased, observation time extended for information collection to obtain more significant variation of behavior. As the behavioral response of species may differ depending on seasons, time of day and temperature, observation could also be carried out under different environmental conditions to obtain a more precise variation in the behavior of each species. Works cited1. Deag, J.M. (1996). “Behavioral ecology and welfare of extensively farmed animals.” Applied Animal Behavior Science 49(1): 9-22.2. Plowright, C., D. Church et al. (2004). “Two solitudes: the behavior of pigeons in competitive feeding.” Behavior 141(4): 407-424.3. Sol, D., D. Santos et al. (1998). “Competition for food in urban pigeons: the cost of being juvenile.” Condor: 298-304.4. Transport Letter, S. (2007). Our Australian feathered friends, Lulu. com.