A variety of studies, such as those described below, have been conducted over the years in an attempt to explain and examine the emergence of self-recognition in infants. As a result, the general consensus is that infants as young as 15 months and most infants as young as 24 months are capable of responding to their image in a mirror (Anderson, 2005). Research has also shown that there are various self-awareness and self-labeling reactions that also indicate that the toddler has self-recognition during the second year, although further research is needed to test their validity (Anderson, 2005).Keller et al. (2005) conducted a study to examine the development of self-conceptions in a cultural context. The study focused on toddlers aged 18 to 20 months from two different backgrounds: German bourgeois families and Cameroonian Nso farmers. The results of the study concluded that German toddlers were able to recognize themselves more often than Nso toddlers. Keller et al. (2005) believed this was due to toddlers' rates of behavior, parenting strategies, and developmental outcomes. Researchers have pointed to the level of contingent reactivity as the mechanism responsible for mirror self-recognition (Keller et al., 2005). Another finding of the study showed that Nso toddlers generally showed less behavior than German toddlers when in front of the mirror (Keller et al., 2005). 60% of Nso toddlers simply sat in front of the mirror, while German toddlers tried to use the mirror reflection in play (Keller et al., 2005). Bertenthal and Fischer (1978) conducted a study to look at the five-stage developmental sequences of self-recognition behaviors in infants aged 6 to 24 months...... middle of article.. ....04. doi:10.1080/01650250500147485Mans, L., Cicchetti, D., & Sroufe, L. (1978). Mirror reactions of infants and toddlers with Down syndrome: Cognitive foundations of self-recognition. Child Development, 49(4), 1247-1250. doi:10.2307/1128771 Mitchell, R. W. (1992). Developing concepts from early childhood: animals, self-perception and two theories of self-recognition in the mirror. Psychological Inquiry, 3(2), 127-130. doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0302_9Nielsen, M. and Dissanayake, C. (2004). Pretend play, a mirror of self-recognition and imitation: a longitudinal investigation throughout the second year. Infant Behavior and Development, 27(3), 342-365. doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2003.12.006 Vyt, A. (2001). Visual self-recognition processes in infants: experimental induction of “mirror” experiences via video presentation of self-image. Infant and Child Development, 10(4), 173-187. doi:10.1002/icd.277