-
Essay / Eating Disorders and the Media - 805
Eating Disorders and the MediaToday's society is undeniably marked by cultural norms and ideals. The question, however, is whether the representation of this norm by the media causes harmful behavior within the population? Researchers have shown that there is a bias in the way television targets children in advertising (Ogletree, S., Williams, S., Raffeld, P., Mason, B., Fricke, K., 1990) and that this media influence on people has always been observable (Miles, M., 1995). This targeting of audience members aims to single out the most desirable consumer for the product in order to encourage their economic support. So, if advertising is only about selling products, why is it blamed for the low self-esteem and body image and therefore bulimia and anorexia seen in women today? Images projected by the media in advertisements, products, written advertisements, etc. today's consumers an idea of what “normal” should look like (Sellers, M., Waligroski, K., 1993). The people in the ads would all have ideal body proportions, material possessions, and social status to deserve the attention the ad gives them. Viewers see the ads and compare the body images they see to themselves, which is likely to reveal a discrepancy. Five years ago, the average female model weighed 23% less than the average woman of the time (Miles, M., 1995) and the difference is only growing. Men are also affected by the media's portrayal of what the ideal looks like. Jirousek explains the evolution of the ideal male figure from a slim, "romantic" form to the "superhuman" image we see today on television and in the rest of the media (1996). With the start of televised football in the 1930s, the popularized image of men incorporated the larger-than-life appearance of shoulder pads and other "armor" to encompass movie heroes, comic book characters and clothing models . With men in the public eye having these muscular figures and distorted proportions, the "normal" man then felt like this was what women wanted even though this look does not come easily to most men . Fabio is a good example of this image (although Jirousek claims that Fabio is aimed more at the female consumer than at influencing male viewers, 1996). This masculine image could be exactly what a man needs to see to feel completely below his expectations, leading to low self-esteem..