In 1920, the United States Congress ratified the Eighteenth Amendment, which prohibited throughout the United States the sale, production, importation, and transportation of all alcoholic beverages. During this period, also known as the Prohibition Era, many citizens smuggled and transported alcohol, a process called bootlegging. This illegal activity has created a lot of stress and challenges for law enforcement in the region; they fought to continually keep alcohol off the streets. Al Capone is the man who caused the majority of the stress and is notable for his bootlegging empire. According to many historians and biographers, Al Capone was perhaps one of the most notorious and ruthless gangsters of the Prohibition era, due to his involvement in bootlegging and bootlegging alcohol, as well as of his criminal activities. Born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1899, Alphonse "Al" Gabriel Capone was one of eight children. Gabriel Capone and Teresina Raiola, Al Capone's parents, were immigrants from Naples, Italy (Al Capone). As a child, Capone was kicked out of school after hitting his teacher in response to the teacher hitting him. The Capone family of ten lived in a small apartment in the heart of Brooklyn, but later moved to a nicer neighborhood called Park Slopes (A&E Television Networks). In his new neighborhood of Park Slopes, Capone met his future wife, Mary Coughlin, and his future mentor, Johnny Torrio. As a young adult, Capone worked as a clerk at a candy store, as a pin boy at a bowling alley, and as a cutter at a book binder (Al Capone). He also worked as a bouncer and bartender at the Harvard Inn for Jonny's friend Torrio and Frankie Yale. It was at the Harvard Inn that Capone received his famous scars, which earned him the nickname Scarface. When Capone was just nineteen years old, he married an Irish woman named Mary “Mae ».”