During the Renaissance period, people began to become interested in the anatomy of the human body. Artists such as Verrocchio, Michelangelo and Versalius are known for using wax models to document their works. Towards the end of the 18th century, Lelli and his colleagues pioneered the development of scientific art and were the first sculptors to understand that the skeleton is the ideal framework on which to build musculature and the body (Ballestriero, 2010) . Credit for developing the theory behind facial reconstruction can therefore be given to these artists. In the 19th century, work was carried out to obtain measurements of facial tissue depth from cadavers. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay Facial reconstruction has been achieved previously through the collaboration of scientists and artists. Anatomists depended on sculptors to represent their data, as can be seen in the cases of His and Sefner (1895), Kollmann and Buchly (1898) (Vermeulen, 2012). In 1895, the German anatomist His undertook the first scientific attempt in this area and worked with the artist Sefner to reconstruct a plaster cast of Johann Sebastian Bach's skull using measurements of skin depth at nine midpoints of the face and six side points of twenty-four men. and four white female corpses in Leipzig. He then authenticated the reconstruction by comparing it with available portraits of Bach. A few years later, Kollmann and Buchly also made a facial approximation of Dante in 1898 (Rynn et al., 2012; Snow et al., 1970) from tissue depth. Measurements taken at ten midpoints and eight lateral points of 21 male and four female cadavers relative to total His, thus producing average measurements for 45 male and eight female white cadavers. The subjects ranged in age from 17 to 72 years and were all described as moderately well nourished (Snow et al, 1970). Kollman then reconstructed the face of a Stone Age French woman. Kollman measured the thickness of the flesh of hundreds of women from this region and made technical drawings, which were then animated by Buchly (Vérze, 2009). Various anatomists and anthropologists have produced numerous other reconstructions of early hominoids such as Neanderthal and Pithecanthropus, and others from the Stone Age such as that of a well-preserved Neanderthal skull found at Sainte de Chapelleoux, France, in 1908; the head of an old Neanderthal male from the Moustier cave, France. In 1913, anthropologists Martin and Von Heggeling from the Department of Anatomy at the University of Jena produced different reconstructions of a Neanderthal face from the same skull (Tyrrell et al., 1997). Keep in mind: this is just a sample. Get a custom paper now from our expert writers.Get a custom essayWith the advent of the 20th century, facial reconstructions began to be used in museums and the various manual reconstruction techniques also began to appear. Furthermore, in 1989, the concept of computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction for forensic identification was first proposed by P. Vanezis. The method used a low-power laser scanner and a video camera connected to a computer. The current trend is to move towards computer-assisted techniques, considered less subjective and faster..