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  • Essay / Improving Worker Performance Through the Use of Teams

    IntroductionWhen it comes to organizational behavior, teams and groups are classified as the backbone of the organization because an organization that forms a team or group is likely to achieve its objectives. The reason why organizations form a team and a group is to ensure that employees influence each other to achieve a common goal. However, the use of teams and groups from a manager's perspective is intended to improve performance. Groups A group could be defined as “A psychological group is any number of people who interact with each other, are psychologically aware of each other, and perceive each other. as a group” (Schein, 1988: 1). There are different types of groups and they are formal and informal or temporary and permanent, for example: a group can be formed for an event like a jury for a court case (informal and temporary group). The formal group adopts the professional approach whereby this group forms a set of objectives and coordinates its activities in order to achieve the set objectives; whereas the informal group is composed of individuals who influence the behaviors of others and the structure of an informal group is flexible or loose (Hodgetts and Hegar, 2007; Dutt, 2008). There are different types of groups and they oppose each other. -actor group (coaching) and interaction group (Rahim, 2011; Jain, 2005). The antagonistic group is the type of group that interacts with each other and creates conflict while the co-actor group forms temporarily, for example: students who come together to complete a one-time project. Moreover, the interacting group is a bit complex because this group is formed to achieve its goals when the tasks of the individuals are completed and this type of group is used during a project work which involves the construction of a building in which individuals must work together to complete. TeamsHowever, a team could also be defined as "a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common goal, a set of performance objectives, and an approach for which they hold each other accountable" (Katzenbach and Smith, 1993). : 5). There are different types of teams: interacting teams, cross-functional teams and self-managed teams; moreover, these teams have good characteristics that help a team achieve its goals (Pride et al, 2010; Daft, 2008). Additionally, these teams have common goals that need to be achieved and the interacting teams ensure that the functional areas of the organization meet regularly to discuss important aspects of the business such as quality, efficiency and the costs..