There are growing concerns about climate change and the effect of “greenhouse gases” (GHG) on the gradual increase in global temperatures over weather, now commonly called global warming. The "greenhouse effect" means that "greenhouse gases" such as water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, nitrous oxide and fluorocarbons insulate the Earth by absorbing heat from the Earth's surface and reflecting it back into the atmosphere. acting in the same way as a thermal blanket (Houghton, 2005). Although recently associated with pollution and climate change, the “greenhouse effect” is essential to the continuity of the Earth's climate (Karl and Trenberth, 2003). However, since the start of the Industrial Revolution (18th to 19th centuries), the burning of fossil fuels has meant that the greenhouse effect has moved from simply protecting the Earth's climate to actually increasing global temperatures (Martinez , 2005; The gaseous culprit is the seemingly harmless CO2, although harmless in the right atmospheric proportions, it is nevertheless a very powerful insulator and heat reflector (Houghton, 2005). Since 1750, CO2 concentrations have increased by more than 30% and are now higher than they have been in thousands of years (Martinez, 2005; EPA, 2007). In fact, some argue that if no action is taken to reduce these emissions, the concentration of CO2 will increase over the remainder of this century to two or three times its pre-industrial level (Houghton, 2005). Scientific evidence on global warming dates back to the second half of the 19th century and the work of physicist John Tyndall and chemist Svente Arrhenius. It has particularly accelerated over the last 20 years... middle of article ......adds around 7 meters to global sea level (Gregory et al., 2004), with extremely damaging results for humanity and the ecosystem. (Houghton, 2005). Global emissions of CO2 into the atmosphere from the combustion of fossil fuels are approaching 7 billion tonnes of CO2 per year and are increasing rapidly (Houghton, 2005; Stern, 2006). In fact, energy-related emissions are expected to increase by more than 2% per year over the next 30 years if the global community continues “business as usual” (Stern, 2006). However, 21st century emissions must be reduced to a fraction of their current levels before the end of the century in order to stabilize CO2 concentrations (Houghton, 2005; Stern, 2006). Effective responses require collective action (Stern, 2006) and global efforts are needed to develop global solutions to overcome these global problems (Houghton, 2005, Stern, 2006).