Context In the 17th and 18th centuries, with the development of capitalism, the power of the bourgeoisie became stronger. The feudal system hindered the development of capitalism. The natural sciences were the weapon that could break feudalism. The Age of Enlightenment was the product of this period. The origins of the Enlightenment were in England and throughout Europe. France was the leading country of the Age of Enlightenment. The influence of the Enlightenment on the world was enormous. This provided great mental preparation for the French Revolution; had an inspired role in the American Revolution. Letter from Voltaire on England During the Enlightenment, a large number of thinkers emerged: Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire, Kant, Locke, etc. Among these people, Voltaire was the most representative; he was also the leader of the Enlightenment in France. Someone said: the 18th century was the century of Voltaire. This shows the enormous contribution he made to European history. The letters about England were written during his exile in England, through understanding local government, observing religions and researching social customs he wrote this book. This book was not only his first philosophical and political writing, but also his representative thought. From this book, his writing in three major aspects to describe Britain at that time. Philosophy As a believer of Locke and Newton, Voltaire inherits Locke's empiricism. Voltaire recognized the objectivity of the material world. From Letter 13 and Letter 14, he describes Locke, Descartes and Newton. Voltaire criticizes Descartes: “Descartes was born to discover the errors of Antiquity, but to substitute his own.” Which shows him...... middle of paper ......ernment, which reveals the obscure society of the end of the 18th century. At that time, the rights of the people could not be guaranteed. In Voltaire's view, a just society must be fair and just, but he also explained that all human beings could be divided into nobles and civil. He did not oppose the nobles or overthrow the absolute monarchy, he simply advised creating a monarchy. For God, Voltaire had complex ideas, he did not believe in God because the metaphysical system, he thought God could maintain moral life. However, for Mary Shelley, Frankenstein was a symbol of God: "If I could banish disease from the human body and make man invulnerable to violent death," Frankenstein was trying to defy the god. In conclusion, it doesn't matter Voltaire or Mary. Shelley. They both used their minds to inspire and motivate the people of the time, guiding people to success..