One of the first activist movements was the Animal Rights Movement in 1980. This led to a drastic decrease in the number of animals used for testing . They said tens of millions of animals are used for some sort of animal experimentation over the course of a year. During the research, they indeed concluded that the animals suffer physically or mentally from the experiments for which they are used. Additionally, many scientists argue that animals are necessary for human health and the creation of products, as well as helping to discover new things in the medical world. Two other major activist groups include the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty of Animals (ASPCA) and the Humane Society of America. These two social welfare groups have been around for over 100 years. Soon, PETA took matters into its own hands. PETA is the People's Association for the Ethical Treatment of Animals. They organized public demonstrations, boycotts and also numerous campaigns to free animal research. These efforts put forward by PETA have helped reduce cosmetic testing. The various movements that occurred at this time also led to a decline in fur sales (Leepson). In 1981, the CAAT was created. It stands for Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing. This was a grant from a cosmetics, toiletry and perfume association. It was believed that this center would help develop and apply in vitro and other non-animal testing methods. CAAT has been funded by approximately 300 different grants totaling up to $6 million to help with the knowledge and creation of in vitro research and the safety of different products. They also helped promote the creation and development of the three Rs and alternatives in biomedical research, safety and product testing. CAAT is also well known for organizing workshops on reduction, refining and replacement, as well as for animal welfare organizations and government.