CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE2.2. Review of Typology 2.2.1 Definition of Typology In the Merriam Webster Dictionary, typology means a system used to group elements based on their similarities, the science of dividing elements into different types. The term typology itself appeared in the mid-19th century. This term is used to refer to the study of types, comparative analysis, and classification of structures or other characteristics (Guney, 2.2.2). Typology in architecture 2.2.3. Aspects of Typology According to Sulistijowati in (Solikhah, 2012), typology refers to the efforts of grouping or classification based on certain aspects. The aspects in question are: a) Geometric aspects, this aspect includes shape, principles of order, etc. b) Functional aspects, this aspect includes the use of space, structural, symbolic, etc. c) Stylistic aspects, this aspect includes the era. , location, power, culture, etc. Leupen in (Solikhakh, 2012) states that there are three aspects of the typological relationship in the design and use of the Argan approach as a basis, namely: type and concept, typological level and type process . 2.3. Overview of the facade2.3.1. Understanding Facades Fasad (facade) comes from the Latin word faciès which means face (face) and appearance (appearance). The facade is therefore synonymous with the facade of a building overlooking the street. According to Krier (2001), the facade is the most important architectural element that can express the function and meaning of a building. The facade conveys the cultural phenomena of the time of the building's construction (Krier, 2001). The facade of a building can reflect the occupants of the building, the facade also becomes an identity for a community, and ultimately the facade becomes a representation of a...... middle of paper......a side of the block (Widodo, 2009). The shophouse has a narrow, elongated shape. Sometimes stores have terraces connected to their neighbors, creating a continuous covered walkway. This road follows the typology of a five-foot lane, sometimes called a five-foot lane. Roads like this can be found in strait towns developed by the British, for example in Penang, Malacca and Singapore. A typical shophouse is a two-story residential module built on a plot measuring 14 to 40 meters long and 3 to 5 meters wide. (Widodo, 2009). Shophouses can consist of one or more typical original or basic modules. Apart from being a residence, other functions of the shops are as stores, workshops, domestic industries, warehouses, hotels and even temples. Shophouse is a spatial arrangement and has a very versatile and durable function.