The mass media presents many ideal images that could influence the public's perception of what is desirable and popular. In the field of exploring the relationship between media and people's perceptions, media's ideal body images have been the subject of much research. Previous studies have shown that ideal body images in the media provoke social comparison behaviors (Lennon, Lillethun, & Buckland, 1999; Luthe, 2009; Knobloch-Westerwick & Romero, 2011), which are blamed for leading to negative outcomes , such as a decrease in people's self-esteem (Clay, Vignoles & Dittmar, 2005; Smeesters & Mandel, 2006). However, the results are not entirely consistent. Lennon, Lillethun, and Buckland (1999) found that self-esteem was unaffected by exposure to ideal (thin models) and normative (average-sized models) images. Holmstrom (2004) found that the longer the media exposure, the more individuals felt good about themselves. Sheldon's (2010) study focused on college students, considered the most vulnerable population, but results showed that media use was not related to college students' body esteem. These inconsistent results indicate that the relationship between ideal body images in the media and people's self-esteem should be studied in more detail. This study will investigate how ideal body images from media influence people's self-esteem using social learning theory, social comparison theory, cultivation theory, and cognitive dissonance theory. By applying these different theories, this study hopes to provide different perspectives, such as media perspective and psychological perspective. And because this study focuses on general images of the media body, some could provide information on other different topics, for example media regulation, advertising...... middle of paper ..... .09). Are all models created equal? A content analysis of women in fitness versus fashion magazine advertisements. Body Image, 6, 137-140. Zhang, YB and Lien, S. (2011). Television viewing and body image perceptions of Taiwanese adolescent girls. China Media Report Overseas, 7(1), 111. Zhou, S., Zhou, P. and Xue, F. (2008). Effects of advertising images on social comparison: do societies matter? China Media Research, 4(1). Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Jackson-Beeck, M., Jeffries-Fox, S., & Signorielli, N. (1978). Cultural indicators: Violence profile no. 9. Journal of Communication, 28(3), 176-207.Gerbner, G. (1998). Culture Analysis: An Overview. Mass Communication and Society, 1(3-4), 175-194. doi:10.1207/s15327825mcs0103&4_4Harrison, K. & Cantor, J. (1997). The relationship between media consumption and eating disorders. Communication log, 47, 40–66.