Great BritainGreat Britain is made up of three countries: England, Scotland and Wales. It is an island off the coast of northwest Europe. Great Britain is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The capital is London.LandscapeThere are many different landscapes in Britain, from high mountains to rolling sand valleys. Places like Wales, the Lake District and northwest Scotland have high mountains and steep slopes made of solid rock. This landscape was created millions of years ago during ice ages, when moving ice glaciers created deep valleys, steep mountain slopes and long lakes. . The southern and eastern parts of Britain are made up of smaller rocks which have been weathered and become fertile agricultural land. The highest point is Ben Nevis, 1,343 meters above sea level, and the lowest point is Holme Fen, 3 meters below sea level. The population is 57,970,200 people, the population density being 239 people per km². 92% of Britons live in urban areas while only 8% live in rural areas. Britain is entirely surrounded by sea, isolating it from the rest of Europe. No part of the UK is far from the sea, which provides an important resource for fishing, tourism and ports. Britain's rivers provide drinking water to cities and irrigate farmers' crops. However, rivers can cause flooding.EnglandThe northern and western parts are mountainous. The Highlands, the Pennine Chain, form the backbone of northern England. Rolling plains occupy most of central and eastern England. The western part of the central region is known as the Midlands. To the east is The Fens, a marshy area. To the south, a high plateau rises.ScotlandScotland's terrain is mountainous but is divided into three regions, from north to south: the Highlands, the Central Lowlands and the Southern Uplands. The Highlands occupy more than half of Scotland, the most rugged region on the island of Great Britain. WalesWales has an irregular coastline and many bays; the largest is Cardigan Bay. Except for narrow, low-lying coastal areas, mainly to the south and west, Wales is mainly mountainous.AreaEngland 130,439 km2Scotland 78,772 km2Wales 20,768 km2Total 229,979 km2ClimateBritain has quite summers cool and mild winters. The weather changes day by day. The climate is temperate and the country does not experience long periods of heat or cold..