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Essay / Eating Disorders and the Media - 1340
The media constantly sends an influx of images and messages promoting an unrealistic and almost unattainable image of beauty, which has historically been linked to eating disorders and body dissatisfaction, mainly in girls, but which can also be seen in boys. Over the years, the ideal body shape has shifted from a voluptuous, curvy image emulated by Marilyn Monroe to a slimmer, slimmer silhouette in keeping with high fashion models such as Kate Moss (Katzmarzk & Davis, 2001) . Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa affect between 1% and 4% of young adult women (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Eating disorders have been associated with body shapes and images in the media (Shorter, Brown, Quinton, & Hinton, 2008). For many children, it is genetically impossible for them to achieve society's ideal body image, which may contribute to their obsession with a thin body (Lawrie, Sullivan, Davies & Hill, 2006, pp. 366). In addition to popular media's persistent message that it is necessary to be thin to be beautiful, there has been the emergence of pro-anorexia and pro-bulimia websites designed to encourage a lifestyle characterized by eating disorders. eating and thinking (Bardone-Cone & Cass, 2006, p. 256). The eating disorder literature shows that self-internalization, social comparison, self-objectification, and the sociocultural etiological model can explain the effects of media on eating disorders. Thompson and Heinberg (1999) found that internalizing social pressures at least moderately mediates disordered eating. effects of media on women's body satisfaction (Thompson and Heinberg, 1999, pp. 339). Heinberg, Thompson, and Stormer (1995) used the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire, which they...... middle of article...... children's and adolescents' experience facing to the media (Calogero et al, 2005, pp. 47). This study also showed that internalized media ideals predicted the desire for thinness directly and indirectly through self-objectification. These data show that the media encourages women to self-objectify and that internalized media ideals and objectification explain some variation in disordered eating habits (Calogero et al., 2005, pp. 48). Self-objectification can prevent people with eating disorders from recovering successfully. Typically, those who enter treatment centers do not cite self-objectification as a possible cause, risk factor, or problem, and "when women continue to view themselves from a third-person perspective rather that from the first person, the factors that significantly contribute to eating disorder pathology remain intact” (Calogero et al., 2005, pp. 48).