In their review of relevant literature, they found that time spent in study skills programs was the best predictor of academic success for students who had failed academically before receiving academic support services. In the study they conducted, results showed that students who were academically unprepared at the pre-test actually performed better after completing the study skills program than a comparison group academically prepared and who had not received training in study techniques. Researchers found that the study skills program improved participants' academic self-efficacy as well as their study skills. Their results indicate that receiving academic support services focused on study skills is associated with students feeling more capable of succeeding and improving their academic performance (Wernersbach et al., 2014). Ultimately, students become strategic learners when they realize that their successes or failures are the product of the strategies they used. Flexibility in strategy choice is important for students to learn successfully (Cukras, 2006). Study skills courses can be very beneficial for students, especially those who have not yet found strategies to maximize their learning ability.