In this case study we can see a negative way in which classical conditioning occurred. During recess, firecrackers exploded near the school, throwing frightened students towards the group. "Jim had looked in amazement at the courtyard of students lying on the ground, instinctively trying to protect themselves." (Colbert, p. 52) This involuntary response was a natural instinct for the students due to the neighborhood in which they lived. Gunshots were frequent and firecrackers sounded like the sound of a gunshot. “To some extent, learners' behaviors are influenced by the objects and events they currently encounter. » (Ormrod, p. 58) Specific events throughout your life can lead to certain behaviors. In this case study, we saw that the gunshots they heard caused them to fall to the ground. Classical conditioning had a negative effect on these