Emotions are the most important part of life, one way or another, they define a person. It shapes a man's destiny and defines the way he perceives life. According to the famous Sanskrit saying: “Mano Matram Jagat; Mano Kalpitam Jagat,” it means that the world is as the mind sees and feels it; the world is as the mind thinks it is (quoted by TN Sethumadhavan, 2010). Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”?Get the original essayA dictionary defines emotion as a state of feeling involving thoughts, physiological changes, and outward expression or behavior, but , topologists, psychologists, philosophers, scientists and researchers have developed and continue to introduce various theories that attempt to comprehend its endless expanse of intrigue and fascination. While topologists study emotions or rather the control of emotions as a means of realizing the Supreme Being, psychologists and sociologists have discussed emotions in relation to their meaning for the individual and society. On the other hand, naturalists like physiologists are interested in the origin, evolution and functions of emotions. Human beings are a complex species of emotion and reason. While reasoning allows them to judge things with mathematical precision, emotions help them understand and empathize, which makes them “human.” Traditionally, it was believed and accepted that people with strong reasoning skills and a good logical mind were more intelligent. IQ tests designed to check a person's intelligence and skills only tested the person's reasoning and logical aptitude. As Woodworth (1940) suggested, IQ tests were considered effective when they tested a person who was "not afraid, nor angry, nor curious about things that arouse emotion." Emotions were considered to be disruptive in nature and hinder a person's thought process. Erasmus of Rotterdam, a 16th-century humanist, proclaimed: “Jupiter granted far more passion than reason – the ratio could be calculated at 24 to one. He opposes two enraged tyrants to the solitary power of Reason: anger and lust. How far reason can prevail against the combined forces of these two forces, the common life of man clearly shows. » Young (1943) defined emotions as “acute disturbances of the individual…” and believed that emotions make one “lose control”. But not everyone experienced or accepted emotions as “disorganized interruptions.” Mowrer (1960) was of the opinion that “…emotions are of quite extraordinary importance in the total economy of living organisms and do not deserve to be placed in opposition to “intelligence”. Emotions are, it seems, themselves a higher order of intelligence. » There was a shift in focus from emotions seen as disruptive to those seen as aiding cognition. The positive relationship between emotions and cognition was established by cognitive theorists who assumed that emotions depend on personal interpretation or evaluation of a particular event. Any event or event has a personal meaning for each person and the person reacts based on this personal meaning and their evaluation of the event based on their personal well-being. Others, such as Stanley, Schachter, and Jerome Singer, proposed that emotion involved both physiological arousal andthe cognitive evaluation of this arousal. Even when people experienced a nonspecific physiological arousal state like anger, happiness, or the like, they tried to evaluate and reason with it to understand what these arousals meant to them. As the author further assumes, some theorists have explained the emotional process as firstly identification of objects or events, secondly evaluation, thirdly physiological changes, fourthly action or expression and finally regulation. First comes the evaluation then the emotion and there is therefore no question of emotion disrupting cognition. Researchers moved from the phase where they thought that emotions were disruptive, to a phase where they saw that emotion and reason are interconnected and that most of the time, cognition or reasoning precedes emotions. Intelligence and emotion which were considered separate domains are now integrated into the new domain Cognition and affect. Perspectives on emotions continue to vary. The subjective nature of emotions makes it difficult to adopt a single, accepted definition or theory. Scientifically conceptualizing something that can only be felt and experienced becomes an almost impossible task. Different theories of emotions have attempted to understand the nature of emotions and how they are experienced by people. While the James-Lange theory believes that a particular event or event causes a physiological change and that change is then interpreted as a corresponding emotion, the Cannon-Bard theory believes that we perceive the physiological change and the emotion at the same time. The Schachter-Singer theory involves the angle of reasoning that is involved in physiological change and the labeling of emotion. The Lazarus theory talks about the thought coming first before perceiving the emotion and the facial feedback theory talks about emotions as an experience of facial expressions (when someone smiles, they experience happiness – the expression preceding cognition). Sapir–Whorf hypothesized that language influenced thought and Chomsky believed that language and cognition were distinct abilities of the mind (Perlovsky, 2009). The theories and concepts are countless. Emotion may be “…a complex and diffuse concept that can be expressed differently at different levels of abstraction” (Mathews et. al., 2004), nevertheless, the beauty and appeal lies in the fact that each of these concepts occupies an important place. for themselves and also revolutionized the way people perceive their emotions. We no longer only considered emotions as annoying, but we realized that emotions played a central role in cognition and motivation. As Caruso (2008) observes, “emotions direct our attention and motivate us to perform certain behaviors.” Emotions according to him “do not interfere with good decision-making, they are in fact necessary and critical for any effective decision”. Their effectiveness will be discussed in detail later, but for now it is sufficient to note that emotions are not necessarily opposed to reason as previously believed, but that they also aid in reasoning and decision-making. effective decisions. But before we continue, it would be helpful to distinguish between what the words emotion and feeling mean, and why it is better to use emotion rather than feeling. Both words are quite commonly used and freely exchanged, but it pays to be precise in word choice and usage, especially when the entire research is based on emotions and intelligent management of emotions.Intelligence Intelligence itself has always been linked only to intellect. and cognition. It was believed that there was only one intelligence called g for general intelligence. A person is born with a certain intelligence which can be assessed using short answer tests (IQ tests). Psychologists also believed that this intelligence was difficult to change. But can intelligence only be reasoning and cognitive abilities? Gardner (1998) asks: If IQ tests disappeared in this world, would it be impossible to identify a person as intelligent or not? Such questions have led us to a new world of understanding that recognizes that besides intellectual prowess, there are other abilities inherent in an individual that should also be taken into consideration before assessing their intelligence. While tracing the evolution of the emotional In the theory of intelligence, we see that attention to the "non-intellectual" elements being equally important was given from the beginning.as 1920 by Thorndike. A staunch critic of IQ testing, he believed that "it is better to regard human beings as possessing a number of relatively independent faculties, rather than as possessing a certain amount of intellectual power (or IQ) which can be simply channeled into one or the other. direction." As Gardner explains in more detail in the same article, a person's intellect or non-intellect cannot be sealed by a single intelligence test, because each human being, in his or her own way, possesses multiple latent abilities These abilities were not recognized by conventional testing methods Based on this belief, he defines intelligence as “a psychobiological potential to process information in order to solve problems or shape products. valued in at least one cultural context”. In 1983, with extensive research in psychology, anthropology, cultural studies and biological sciences, he proposed in his book “Frames of mind: Theory of multiple intelligences” seven intelligences: linguistic, logical, musical. , spatial, kinesthetic, interpersonal and intrapersonal – which every human being possessed, perhaps to varying degrees. In 1995, an eighth intelligence – “naturalistic” – was added. The theory of multiple intelligence (MI) makes two major assertions: all human beings possess all of these intelligences, no two individuals have exactly the same combination of these intelligences. Presumably few people were comfortable with these claims and some even called it a "radical theory." But, as Gardner (2005) himself claims, he is not concerned with whether these intelligences can be tested and validated, but with demonstrating that humans have multiple intelligences that must be taken into account before qualifying a intelligent person or not. Emotional Intelligence David Wechsler during the 1940s wrote that "the main question is whether non-intellectual abilities, that is, affective and conative abilities, qualify as factors in general intelligence." My argument is that such factors are not only permissible but necessary. I tried to show that in addition to intellective factors, there are also non-intellectual factors that determine intelligent behavior. If the preceding observations are correct, it follows that we cannot hope to measure total intelligence until our tests also include some measures of nonintellectual factors. He is not the only researcher to argue that emotional intelligence may be linked to important work-related outcomes, such asindividual performance and organizational productivity. Robert Thorndike also wrote about "social intelligence" in the late 1930s. In fact, thoughts about emotional intelligence began in the time of Plato when he wrote: “All learning has an emotional basis. » Since then, scientists, educators, and philosophers have worked to prove or disprove the importance of feelings. Unfortunately, for much of those two millennia, the common thought was, “Emotions get in the way.” They prevent us from making good decisions and prevent us from concentrating. Over the past three decades, a growing body of research proves just the opposite. In the 1950s, Abraham Maslow wrote about how people could strengthen their emotional, physical, spiritual, and mental strengths. His work sparked the “Human Potential” movement that may be the greatest celebration of humanism since the Renaissance. In the 1970s and 1980s, this led to the development of many new sciences of human abilities. Management thinkers before 1990 were largely absorbed in visiting and revisiting the forebrain areas of human capital to fully understand and develop them, but they rather underestimated the central role that the emotional brain plays in human capital in the effective functioning of organizations. Literature in the field of knowledge of brain evolution says that it was the emotional brain that emerged first and only after years of evolution did the cognitive brain evolve.du emotional brain. This may mean that the emotional cortex of humanity in the organizational setup plays a dominant role with regard to the control, coordination and regulation of all activity taking place in the cognitive cortex. With this now being a reality, the emotional intellect of the organization’s employees deserves special attention. Emotional Intelligence, also known as Emotional Quotient (EQ), has proven to be the buzzword in the workplace or any other industry for that matter. The term emotional intelligence is said to have been created by two researchers Peter Salovey and John D. Mayer in 1990, they described it as "a form of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions." others, to discriminate.” among them, and to use this information to guide one's thinking and action. There are various other researchers and scholars who have specified other interpretations of emotional intelligence, some of which are as follows: Emotional intelligence (EI) has been defined as “the ability to recognize our own and others' feelings, to motivate and motivate us. to properly manage emotions in ourselves and in our relationships.” - Goleman (1998). “Emotional intelligence is the ability to sense, understand, and effectively apply the power and insight of emotions as a source of human energy, information, connection, and influence.” - Cooper and Sawaf (1997) daily demands”. - Bar-On (2005). In the study conducted by Carolynn Kohn titled "Emotional Intelligence, Personality, Emotion Regulation, and Coping", the author argues that EI is not a single construct, but rather composed of several other constructs that attempt to measure different individual traits or abilities. As the study on EI has been widely conducted by various researchers, advances identify two distinct models of EI: ability EI and trait EI. They are both quite distinct from each other and it is important to understand the difference. It has been demonstrated that the EI of).