IntroductionRapid technological developments and population growth around the world play a considerable role in creating new levels of intercultural communication, both locally and globally. People can now easily get information from any place on the planet through many television channels. In addition, computer networks make it possible to acquire a huge amount of knowledge from all over the world. Computer networks also facilitate communications. In addition to creating new opportunities, technological and demographic developments pose significant challenges to populations. Communicating successfully in another language depends on changing frames of reference, norms, and assumptions (Kinzer, 2003). In other words, when individuals use another language effectively, they must adopt new perspectives on communication and language and not just focus on structure and vocabulary. Reading, writing and discussing texts will help the learner understand another way of thinking. In fact, there is a need to address issues of cultural identity and establish an inclusive process in the way reading and writing are taught. In this regard, language appears to be one of the most essential aspects of culture and social being. Language is not the only means by which individuals create activities and identities. Additionally, language is not enough to be recognized in a specific community or group. The person must behave and act in a manner considered appropriate within that community or group. This essay...... Forms of Literacy There are various criteria of literacy which have been explained by different intellectuals. These forms are functional literacy, cultural literacy and critical literacy. Functional literacy denotes a level of skill ...... middle of paper ...... reading and developing texts in different ways. By describing literacy primarily as an individual, differences in the goals, functions, and social significance of literacy across different cultural contexts are often overlooked. Research shows that specific cultural and social needs and expectations create the goals of writing and reading. It is therefore not a general approach and not independent in nature (Kern, 2000). These findings raise concerns about the extent to which literacy can be viewed as a set of abilities that can be easily moved from the context of one language to another. Since the use of text between societies can vary across cultures and contexts, the learner of a native language may not be successful in using a new language. In other words, learners should focus on the particular contexts and times when a person may consider themselves literate..