Different characteristics of managers and their jobsIntroductionIt is an era of rapid business growth, from the industrial revolution in 1750 to digital innovation in the 1940s. Managerial philosophy has gradually penetrated into many organizations, and managers have also become important positions that lead to managing valuable organizations. Generally speaking, Charles, Sarah and Tony are managers, they have the same jobs, however they sometimes have particular skill levels, distinct roles and disparate challenges. This essay aims to compare and contrast the characteristics of managers at different levels, analyzing the roles of managers and how they can perform their jobs in the face of challenges. A list of references will be completed to achieve this objective. DiscussionManagers play a crucial role in organizations. According to Robbins, Bergman, Stagg, and Coulter (2012), managers coordinate and supervise the work of other people. They can be divided into first-line managers, middle managers and senior managers. Charles is the Managing Director of a huge multinational mining company, Sarah is the Customer Service Director with a large charity and Tony is the Team Leader, Packaging and Distribution for a small manufacturing company. They are both managers, different with non-managerial employees; they are both responsible for the organization's boss and shareholders, managers are basic human capital who guide employees to achieve the organization's goals, inspire and support their work. There are colossal differences in each division of manager level. Charles is CEO of a mining company; The CEO is classified as top manager. “Senior managers are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing goals and plans that affect...... middle of article...... Social Studies: Guanxi Against the Market: Ethics and Efficiency, 30(2), 231-247.O'Kelly C. (2013) The Evolution of the Modern Corporation: Corporate Governance Reform in Context (Working Paper 133) . Seattle, USA: Seattle University, School of Law Digital Commons. Robbins SP, Bergman R., Stagg I. & Coulter M. (2012) Management (6th ed.). Australia: Pearson. Schermerhorn RJ, Davidson P., Poole D., Woods P., Simon A., Mcbarron E. (2013). Management (5th ed.). Australia: John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. Wallace R., Ferguson J. (February 10, 2014). Toyota to stop making cars in Australia, follows Ford and Holden. The Australian. Retrieved from http://www.theaustralian. com.au/business/news/toyota-to-stop-making-cars-in-australia-follows-ford-and-holden/story-e6frg906-1226822823246