The male reproductive system is used to produce male gametes, called sperm. During properly timed sexual intercourse, the sperm and female egg can fuse to produce a fertilized egg. The male and female reproductive systems function equally to ensure that fertilization can occur. Once this happens, the woman's uterus provides a suitable environment for embryonic development until the baby is born (Marieb and Hoen, 2007). There are, however, a number of factors that can affect the male reproductive system and significantly interfere with fertilization. cause male infertility. These include sperm quality, sperm motility disorders and varicocele (WHO, 2014). Male infertility specifically concerns dysfunctions in the reproductive processes necessary for the functioning of the reproductive organs and the development of healthy sperm. As a result, it is impossible to achieve a clinical pregnancy within a year after regular, unprotected sexual intercourse (WHO, 2009). For the purposes of this article, we will explore current findings related to issues affecting male infertility, with an emphasis on sperm defects and dysfunction. The significance will be a reflection of new information and a better overall understanding of the male reproductive system and associated problems. DiscussionApproximately 15% of couples need infertility treatment options, with half of these cases due to male-associated issues (ASRM, 2014). There are a number of factors to consider when considering male infertility. For fertilization to occur, the male must be able to produce healthy, normally functioning sperm. Without this ability, sperm may not reach the egg and fertilization may...... middle of paper ......e being sperm defects and dysfunctions. Infertility is just as emotional an experience for men as it is for women. Men may experience feelings of shame, guilt, inadequacy and frustration. If a couple needs fertility treatment, it takes their entire life. They live each month according to a strict schedule centered around the ovulation and menstruation calendars, with feelings of both disappointment and hope. This is a topic that requires further knowledge and research, and studies should focus on the genetic analysis of male infertility, the human genome initiative, the effectiveness of ART, inclusion in healthcare to reduce costs and associated stress, and improved diagnostic testing. It is imperative that more attention and research be paid to treatment options for male infertility, and the exploration of these methods should be strengthened and encouraged..