Treatment of psychological disorders Psychological disorders and their treatments have been the subject of research and reform for decades. These disorders are complex and involve many different elements. Psychological disorders can have different origins, such as poor genetics, in addition to a number of environmental components, including development, parenting, and trauma. Risk factors can prompt doctors to diagnose a patient with a psychological disorder; However, these risk factors can be vague and cause a number of problems. Disorders can be prevented and cured through exercise and social activity; but there are a number of drug and brain manipulation therapies that are effective in treating these disorders. The mystery of psychological disorders can be understood when investigating their origins and prevention. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an Original Essay In order to first identify a disorder, you must first identify normal behavior from deviant behavior. A general psychological disorder can be defined as a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior. Two different approaches to deviance influence our understanding of the origin of psychological disorders. The first is the biopsychosocial approach; it is an integrated approach that integrates biology, psychology, and sociocultural levels of analysis to determine whether a person is suffering from a psychological disorder. The second approach is the medical model which illustrates the psychological disorders resulting from illness; These disorders can be diagnosed, treated and cured in a hospital. The medical model was created in the 1800s when syphilis was discovered to disrupt brain function. Many psychologists, such as French physician Philippe Pinel, have pushed for reform in the treatment of psychiatric patients. There are many types of psychological disorders classified in the American Psychiatric Association's (ASA) 2013 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. When treating a patient with a psychological disorder, it is important to first classify the disorder to determine the appropriate treatment. Doctors are able to communicate in depth with each other in order to provide relief to their clients. Another advantage of classification is that a psychologist can predict the future course of the disorder. The classification can also encourage research into the causes of psychological disorders. However, some psychologists criticize the use of classification of these disorders. One criticism is that the mental disorders mentioned in the ASA manual are vague. Many disorders have symptoms that correspond to some extent with normal behavior or that can be used to identify multiple disorders. Additionally, critics claim that diagnostic labels are subjective and that value judgments are disguised as science. A study carried out by David Rosenhan in 1973 illustrates these issues. The study of “pseudo-patients” found that healthy patients can be misdiagnosed based on the symptoms they claim to have. Labeling patients with psychological disorders can also put them at risk. Patients may be unable to find employment or rent accommodation. Classification of disorders can be useful; however, this can potentially harm the patient andprevent him from living normally. Many factors can protect a person from developing a psychological disorder. One factor is genetics. Behavioral genetics is the study of the power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior. Genes, small segments of the DNA molecule, provide the code for the building blocks of the body creating the genome. A person's environment can activate these genes. Epigenetics studies the molecular mechanisms by which environments can trigger or block gene expression. However, twin and adoption studies show that biological similarities are stronger than the adoptive environment regarding behavior. The prenatal environment can also determine how genes develop. Tetragons such as smoking, alcohol or pollution can have a negative effect on the body during pregnancy. Disorders such as fetal alcohol syndrome can lead to serious problems later. A mother who experienced a lot of stress during her pregnancy may also increase her child's risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity and psychiatric disorders. Childhood development can also determine the development of psychological disorders. There are many different aspects of child development, the first of which is parenting. Different types of parenting can determine a child's behavior. In an experiment, it was proven that monkeys prefer a warm and comforting parent rather than one who just feeds them. The same goes for human beings. Body contact is extremely important for the normal and healthy development of a child. This leads to a secure attachment with a caregiver. Young children seek closeness from their parents and experience distress when separated. Early attachments provide a solid foundation for adult relationships. An insecure attachment can lead to other problems. A child may be indifferent to the presence of a parent or not be soothed by their presence. This can lead to problems in adult relationships. Parenting styles have a great influence on a child's character traits. An authoritarian parent is coercive. When this parenting style is used, the child usually has low self-esteem and lacks strong social skills. However, this parenting style tends to be used when a child is in an unsafe environment. A second parenting style is permissive parenting, characterized by a lack of restraint. These children tend to face fewer demands and less severe or no punishments. Children with this type of parenting tend to be aggressive and immature. Permissive parenting can lead to less success in adult life, according to two different studies from Germany. The last type of parenting is authoritarian and tends to involve confrontation with the child. Psychologists say this parenting style is “perfect.” This parenting style encourages open discussion and allows for some exceptions. Children with this type of parenting style have strong social skills and are independent. Two different psychologists created developmental milestones that if a milestone is not met, a child cannot develop fully. Erikson's stages of psychosocial development involve developing basic confidence, exercising will, initiating tasks, enjoying application, and role confusion. Each of these stages takes place over a period of three years and if not properly encouraged cancreate problems in adult relationships. The other stages of development were created by Sigmund Freud. Its psychosexual stages of personality development were said to be where the pleasure-seeking energies of the id were concentrated. These areas are oral, anal, phallic, latency and finally genital. As with Erikson's stages, if these developmental stages were not targeted, a child could develop a persistent fixation or focus on the developmental stage. This leads to unresolved conflicts. Risk factors that can help psychologists classify a patient with a psychological disorder are listed. Some of these signs are reading difficulties, academic failure, family disorganization, parental mental illness, or a stressful life event. Physical illnesses such as neurochemical imbalances, low birth weight, and pregnancy complications can all indicate psychological disorders. Characteristics of someone who may have a disorder are unusual behavior, substance abuse, changes in sleep and appetite, nervousness, and mood swings. There are many ways in which a person can prevent a psychological disorder. The human brain and body were intended for both social engagement and physical activity. Therefore, a person must achieve certain goals to ensure proper brain and body functioning. The first way is to have thirty minutes of aerobic exercise about three times a week. Seven to eight hours of sleep per night is extremely important. Most people don't get enough sleep. It is also important to expose yourself to natural light for thirty minutes in the morning. A daily fish oil supplement that also contains omega-3 fatty acids also helps the brain function properly. In order to meet our need for social engagement and improve our emotional health, two elements lead to healthy functioning. Two meaningful social interactions per day in addition to identifying and redirecting negative thoughts to positive ones. These goals are also effective in relieving depression. 77% of people manage to reduce their depression. Coping with stress and recovering from adversity is very important. Stress can cause many health problems and even explain certain psychological disorders. Facing challenges can sometimes lead to post-traumatic growth. Poverty, unnecessary work, constant criticism, unemployment, racism and sexism can undermine feelings of competence, personal control and self-esteem. Reducing stress can be done through exercise, meditation and relaxation. Research also shows that people with strong faith tend to experience less stress and have a better outlook on life. If a person is diagnosed with a psychological disorder, there are many types of drug therapies and psychotherapies that can be used to treat the person. There are four types of drug therapies that can be used to treat all psychological disorders. Antipsychotics, like Thorazine, mimic the neurotransmitter dopamine which influences movement, learning, attention and emotions. Antipsychotics reduce excessive reactions to irrelevant stimuli. When antipsychotics are combined with life skills programs and family support, they are very successful in treating schizophrenia. Side effects of antipsychotics include slowness, twitching.