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Essay / Exploring fear in Howl, Basketball Diaries and Cat's... wars” (Ginsberg 11). Like many authors in the modern literary movement, Allen Ginsberg explores the psychological effects of the bomb on many Americans in the 1960s. Modern literature describes the chaos of the 1960s, caused by rising societal problems and fear of the new atomic bomb. Writings such as The Basketball Diaries, "Howl", and Cat's Cradle express concepts of fear, power, government control, and death. The government uses society's fear of death and doomsday to maintain control and power over the people. The atomic bomb generates such universal fear and the corrupt government fails to respond to the chaotic behavior of society and the fears of individuals. This fear of government not only maintains control, but also causes chaos and the false belief that the government is on the public's side. The chaotic environment is the result of people crying out for help and life conflicts arise when people face the terror of death. Historically, fear has been used to control populations. For example, as early as the 1700s, white men controlled black slaves out of fear of being killed. During the era of slavery in the South, the ratio was nine blacks to one white (Nash and Graves 213). When Nat Turner, a black slave, finally revolted, the United States government responded by sending the army with tanks and guns to resist the black men. The reaction of the whites anchored the fear of revolts among the slaves. Black people could have successfully revolted, but they were controlled by fear of the powerful white man. The white man held the power and considered ... middle of paper ...... would such dangers have any significance for life? Jim Carroll tells the true story of his fear of the end and his mixed feelings about what matters and what doesn't. His fear is accompanied by confusion about how to live today with the possibility of being killed tomorrow. Through "Howl", The Basketball Diaries, and Cat's Cradle, it is evident that the government controlled society with the fear of the bomb. We can see how this fear has influenced individuals and society as a whole. The government instilled fear in society by possessing the atomic bomb and ignoring the problems that came with it. Society blamed people for their reactions to the bomb scare. Additionally, the government presented itself as a protector, leading to increased confusion and chaos. In modern society, deciding who is the enemy and who has power determines who controls the destiny of the world..
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