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Essay / Nietzsche: Anti-Volksgeist and the Ultimate Zeitgeist
Volksgeist in German means "national character" or the spirit of the people, while zeitgeist means the spirit of the times. Nietzsche, fighting against his time, ultimately becomes the emblem of his time. He dislikes equality and freedom in democracy, claiming that they are the vestige of Christian weakness and the stifling of the best in human nature. He opposes the Kantian concept of duty, asserting that the love of following a strict moral rule is a symptom of obedience and rejection of the "will to power". It is opposed to Bentham's utilitarian contentment in the pursuit of "happiness", a passive denial of life and a state that more closely resembles that of a herd animal than that of a human being. Nietzsche advocates a master morality that arises from a self-reinforcing, autonomous, creative, and authoritarian mindset that labels everything like it as “good” and other plebeian traits as “bad”; as opposed to that of the reactive and subordinate "resentment" of slave morality which excuses one's inferiority and failure on a noble and powerful external object as a scapegoat and labels it "bad", while the opposite loves oneself -even as “good”. Nietzsche asserts that to be a truly free agent is to be causa sui, the cause of oneself, and not a reactive response to external stimuli. Only the Ubermensch, or superhuman, could achieve this. Nietzsche begins his premise with the assumption that God does not exist, therefore objective morality and inherent value are not possible since there is no ultimate being. Nietzsche's Ubermensch will act as his own God, giving himself a morality. The Ubermensch is neither the slave nor the master of others. The Ubermensch is an independent individual who has the power to banish herd instincts from his mind and become a master with restraint and... middle of paper ......married by his sister in Nazi propaganda) . Striving to achieve the highest possible position in life is the ultimate goal of the will to power and is in fact itself a manifestation of the will to power. Above all, the Ubermensch is the next stage of human evolution. Every human being must ask himself the question “What is the meaning of life?” » Some say God and Heaven, others speak of ultimate objective virtue, but the Ubermensch will give life a value that does not rely on superstition or mystical madness. The Ubermensch finds value in his life experience because it cannot be reasoned about through argument and logic. The Ubermensch would say that the meaning of life is to die, so give it value. The Ubermensch is the opposite of Jesus Christ. The Ubermensch is the ultimate realization of the Will to Power, but not necessarily over others. His most precious power is over himself.