Diabetes mellitus is a group of common metabolic disorders. The scenario of urinating in large quantities is described by Greek and Roman physicians as diabetes, while the term sweet refers to the sweet taste (Barrett, Barman, Boitano, & Brooks, 2012). The name of the disease reveals one of the most important clinical manifestations, namely the emission of urine with a sweet taste, that is, the presence of sugar in the urine. Furthermore, Funk (2010) stated that there are three most common symptoms of diabetes mellitus, namely polyuria (large volume of urine), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive eating). Lecthuman et al. (2010) revealed that the overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Malaysia during the year 2006 was 11.6 percent. Among the three races, Indians have the highest prevalence at 19.9 percent, followed by Malays at 11.9 percent and finally Chinese at 11.4 percent. Diabetes mellitus can be discussed from several aspects, such as classification, complications, treatment and management. There are two types of diabetes mellitus, specifically type 1 and type 2 (see Figure 1). Abbas, Aster, Fausto, and Kumar (2010) stated that type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease in which islet destruction is primarily due to the reaction of immune effector cells against endogenous B cell antigens. Besides, Imagawa, Hanafusa, Miyagawa, and Matsuzawa (2000) reported that type 1 diabetes can be divided into autoimmune (type 1A) and idiopathic (type 1B), and that idiopathic diabetes is a non-autoimmune fulminant disease. immune classified by non-appearance of insulin and antibodies linked to diabetes. The etiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus involves genetic susceptibility and environmental...... middle of article ......nisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 1 diabetes 2. Nature. 444(7121):840-6.Letchuman, GR, Wan Nazaimoon, WM, Wan Mohamad, WB, Chandran, LR, Tee, GH, Jamaiyah, H., Isa, MR, Zanariah, H., Fatanah, I. . , Ahmad Faudzi, Y. (2010). Prevalence of diabetes in the Malaysian National Health Morbidity Survey III 2006. Malaysian Medical Review. 65(3):173-179.Molina PE (2013). Chapter 7. Endocrine pancreas. In PE Molina (Ed), Endocrine Physiology (4th ed.). Accessed October 22, 2013, from http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=57307793.Neal, MJ (2005). Medical pharmacology at a glance. London, UK: Blackwell Publishing. Powers, A.C. (2005). Diabetes mellitus. In DL Kasper, E. Braunwald, AS Fauci, SL Hauser, JL Jameson, and DL Longo (eds.). Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (p.2152). United States: McGraw-Hill companies.