IntroductionThe term phobia is often linked to "When you actually fear something without a rational reason" [1] There are three types of phobias: specific, social and agoraphobia. Developing an irrational fear helps explain the reasons for developing a phobia. Classical conditioning and observation are two methods of developing phobias. The educational acquisition of fear allows us to determine whether things are frightening; as humans, we can even evolve and fear certain things after a while. The brain regions involved are the insular cortex and the amygdala. [1] The many methods of treating phobias could be systematic desensitization, cognitive behavioral therapy and, as a last resort, antidepressants. In the article, there is still very little discussion regarding the development of irrational fear and the effectiveness of treatments for phobias. However, the different types of phobias are very important in understanding the categories that individuals can fall into. Throughout the article, questions remain; how is there a development of fear by the definition of the irrational? What are the most effective treatments for phobias? And is there a direct correlation with human evolution?DiscussionAnxiety is a normal reaction to stress, which in certain situations can become excessive and affect daily activities in undesirable ways. There are many different anxiety disorders, ranging from post-traumatic stress disorder to obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias. Although the article makes no mention of anxiety, to understand the reason for irrational fears we need to understand how the brain works in order to relate this to treatment and how the development of phobias is created. The...... middle of the article......iety-disorders/index.shtml (accessed January 14, 2014).4.Yujuan Choy. Treatment of specific phobia in adults. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272735806001164 (accessed January 14, 2014).5.Paul J. Fitzgeralda, Jocelyn R. Seemannb, Stephen Marena, b,. Can fear extinction be strengthened? A review of pharmacological and behavioral outcomes. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361923013001962 (accessed January 14, 2014).6.Bobbie Hasselbring. How do antidepressants work? http://health.howstuffworks.com/mental-health/depression/questions/how-do-antidepressants-work.htm (accessed January 17, 2014).7.Elaine S Chong, Erin Hovanec. Understanding Brain Diseases and Disorders, 2nd ed. New York: Rosen Publishing Group; 2012.8.Brain structure and function. http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/army/rotc_brain_function.pdf (accessed January 21 2014).