In Obergefell v. Hodges, the United States Supreme Court ruled that marriage is a fundamental right. The ruling ruled that states should allow same-sex couples to marry and legalize same-sex marriage in the United States. In the United States, homosexuality and same-sex marriage remain an extremely polarizing topic. A Gallup poll shortly before the Supreme Court's decision found that 51 percent of Americans believed people were born gay or lesbian and 30 percent believed homosexuality could be the result of their upbringing or environment. The case studies of Samoan Fa'afafine and David Reimer offer insight into the genetic and environmental component of homosexuality. The science behind homosexuality isn't entirely clear, but case studies and anecdotal evidence suggest that people are born gay. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an Original Essay More often than not, gays and lesbians will tell you that they knew they were gay for as long as they can remember. This anecdotal evidence strongly suggests that homosexuality is genetic. In science, this is still a question to which there is no concrete answer yet because the genes coding for homosexuality have not yet been identified. Although polls have shown that the majority of Americans now believe that there is a genetic component to homosexuality, I haven't found any data on the number of gays and lesbians who believe they were born gay, but I suspect that this percentage is very high. Genetic science is not yet clear on the subject, but there are a number of case studies that strongly suggest a genetic component to homosexuality. Fa'afafine are men from traditional Samoan societies who exhibit feminine qualities and generally lead bisexual lives, although Samoans do not explicitly believe in homosexuality. The fa'afafine are generally considered a third gender in Samoan societies. Because of the openness to gender groups, researchers have focused on these Samoan societies in studies relating to sexual antagonistic selection. If there is a gene linked to homosexuality, the lower birth rates among homosexuals should eventually lead to the extinction of these homosexual genes. Instead, they are present in relatively high numbers that do not match what is expected from statistical models. One explanation put forward by scientists is antagonistic sexual selection, in which heterosexual females compensate for the low birth rate of their homosexual parents by having more offspring. The hypothesis is that in families with gay men, the gay genes present in that family will cause the women in that family to be more attracted to men and, therefore, produce more offspring to compensate for low birth rates among their homosexual male relatives. In a study published in PLOS ONE, in fa'afafine families meeting these criteria, researchers found evidence in favor of antagonistic sexual selection, which may suggest that there is a genetic component to homosexuality that manifests itself in increased fertility among heterosexual women in these groups. In another case that tested the environmental and educational connection to homosexuality, David Reimer was involved. Reimer is probably the most notable John/Joan case in the United States. After an accident during a circumcision procedure when Reimer was 8 months old, Reimer's penis is.