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Essay / Universal human rights? - 1917
Over the years, the People's Republic of China (hereinafter, the PRC) has remained known for its explicit disregard for international human rights standards. These standards, codified in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (hereinafter, the UDHR), define human rights as "the inherent dignity and equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family” (The Universal Declaration). Although this declaration seeks to consolidate a set of universal human rights within the international community, it fails to take into account the idea of cultural relativism and its effects on different cultural perspectives of human values. For the purposes of this essay, the UDHR will be used to explicitly state instances where China has challenged individual rights within the UDHR, while the West has remained compliant. This contrast of cultural relativism is supported by scholar Jack Donnelly's idea that “different civilizations or societies have different conceptions of human well-being. They therefore have a different attitude towards human rights” (67). This is also supported by the view of academics Adamantia Pollis and Peter Schwab that the UNHR can be seen as an ethnocentric document based on Western ideals of democracy and libertarian values. They claim that it is “based on the notion of atomized individuals possessing certain inalienable rights in nature” (Pollis, Schwab 8). The idea that a code of universal human rights, primarily influenced by a Western school of thought, can be easily applied to China and other Asian countries is naive. We can affirm that this new norm in terms of universal human rights within a globalized society falls within the framework of the concept of “coca-colonization” (Huntington 28). Many in the West believe that the regi...... middle of paper......China." Georgetown Journal of International Affairs 7.2 (2006): 111-20. Hein Online. Web. November 17, 2011." Human Rights Reports - China." United States Department of State, 2010. Web. November 20, 2011. Huntington, Samuel P. "The West Unique, Not Universal." Foreign Affairs 75.6 (1996): 28-46. JSTOR . Web. November 17, 2011. Preis, Ann-Belinda S. “Human Rights as Cultural Practice: An Anthropological Critique.” Human Rights Quarterly 18.2 (1996): 286-315. . and Adamantia Pollis. Human Rights: Cultural and Ideological Perspectives: University of America. , 1980. 123-24. "The Universal Declaration of Human Rights of the United Nations.".. 2011.