FreudSigmund Freud, physiologist, physician, psychologist and father of psychoanalysis, is generally recognized as one of the most influential and authoritative thinkers of the 20th century. Known for his pioneering theories in psychoanalysis. Freud is the originator of several theories still used today. The five best known are the stages of development or psychosexual development, dream theory, the id, the ego, the superego, defense mechanisms and anxieties. He expressed and refined the concepts of the unconscious, infantile sexuality, repression and proposed a sorting - A partial explanation of the structure of the mind (the id, the ego and the superego), all within the framework of 'a completely new and beneficial theoretical framework for understanding human psychological development and the treatment of abnormal mental conditions. Despite the multiple manifestations of psychoanalysis as it exists today, it goes back, in almost all of its fundamental aspects, directly to the original work of Freud (American Psychoanalytic Association, 1998). Furthermore, "Freud's original treatment of human actions, dreams, and even cultural artifacts as always possessing understood symbolic importance has proven extraordinarily productive and has had substantial implications in a wide variety of fields, including the anthropology, semiotics and artistic creativity. and appreciation in addition to psychology” (American Psychoanalytic Association, 1998). Nevertheless, Freud's most important and frequently reiterated claim, that with psychoanalysis he invented a new science of the mind, remains the subject of much critical debate and controversy. Many of Freud's contributions can be found on issues of crucial importance. Freud didn't exactly invent the idea of ​​the conscious versus unconscious mind, but he is certainly responsible for its popularity. The conscious mind is what you are aware of at any given moment, your current perceptions, memories, thoughts, fantasies, feelings, etc. Working closely with the conscious mind is what Freud called the preconscious, what today we might call "available memory": everything that can easily become conscious, the memories you don't think about at the moment but which you can easily evoke. Today, no one has a problem with these two layers of the mind (Edelson, 1986). By far the largest part is the unconscious. This includes all things that are not easily accessible to awareness, including many things that have their origin there, like our drives or instincts, and things that are put there because we can't bear to look at them. , like memories. and emotions associated with trauma.