It was made up not only of Jews, but also of Poles, German citizens and police officers. Each act of smuggling had to be carefully planned and precisely executed to be successful. To avoid detection, smugglers had to get creative and find new ways to transport items into the ghetto. Some of these means of transportation included hearses, building and street crossings, and streetcars. (Battrick, 207) Hearses were used to bring whole horses and cows into the ghetto. The Catholic cemetery was right next to the Jewish cemetery, which allowed discreet commerce. Chronicler and archivist Emanuel Ringelblum reported that up to 26 cows were brought into the ghetto in this way in one night. If there was a loose stone in the wall of a building on the Aryan side, the food would pass to the ghetto side; most often where Aryan and Jewish houses were connected. Many bribes took place in this form of smuggling because it was more visible and the police were always trying to bridge the gap. Carol Battrick wrote: "Each time the breach was blocked by the Germans, the Jewish and Polish police were bribed, and before the lime had a chance to dry, the wall was torn down again to allow the smuggling to resume. » (Battrick 208) And if that many people were bribed for a single breach in the wall, it is unimaginable how many people had to be bribed for the entire duration of the project.