The first pieces of electronic dance music emerged in the late 1970s, thanks to the integration of instruments synthesized by European artists influential ones such as Kraftwerk and Giorgio Moroder (europopmusic. EU). This concept came to full fruition in the 1980s, with the rise of house music, the existence of which is often attributed to recently deceased pioneer Frankie Knuckles. The vast majority of this music relies on a four-on-the-floor bass drum, providing a punchy, danceable beat. The general term for this style soon became Electronic Dance Music (EDM). The underground house movement eventually attracted British artists seeking a more syncopated and faster type of music, leading to the foundations of Jungle and Drum'n'Bass. Yet some still yearned for an even more contemporary experimental sound. These innovative musicians began to form labels such as Warp Records and Rephlex, dedicated to a less accessible and more complex branch of dance music. Over the past few decades, this music has become known in various forms, one of the most common being Intelligent Dance Music, or IDM. The rapid rise in popularity of house music in the 1980s led a handful of its followers to use the equipment and machines used in-house to create new music, arguably more classically inspired. For example, the legendary Roland TB-303 bass synthesizer was often heard in the Acid House subgenre. This device is also widely heard in the IDM world, both as a beloved sound and as a tribute to its roots. Although often danceable, Intelligent Dance Music is not always danceable. In fact, it usually incorporates intense rhythm breaks, random beats, and strange time signatures. The general feeling of the music ...... middle of paper ......tation with time signatures and algorithmic programs, as well as their fairly long singing times. The duo's latest album, Exai, is over 2 hours long (discogs.com). Another seminal group is The Black Dog, whose particularly house-inspired sounds and rhythms helped lay the foundations for industrial techno, tech-house and dubstep, as well as IDM. Another example, albeit stranger, is that of Brazilian producer Amon Tobin. While he began his career in Drum'n'Bass, his extensive field recording efforts have made his recent material IDM. He stands out above all for his astonishing three-dimensional images during concerts. Finally, the R&S Record label, founded in 1988, is considered one of the first labels supporting IDM, thanks to its willingness to sign artists such as the aforementioned Aphex Twin and Black Dog, as well as newer artists..